Door-lock.



No. 638,l5l. Patented Nov. 28, I899.

E. A. SCHMERTZ.

DOOR LOCK.

(Application filed Aug. 10, 1899.)

J Jr N (No Model.)

'II/IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 5:10am l'oz UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD AUGUSTUS SCHMERTZ, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

DOOR-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 638,151, dated November 28, 1899. Application filed August 10, 1899- Serial No. 726.757. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD AUGUSTUS SOHMERTZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Door-Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to looks in general, and to looks of the class known as permutation-locks in particular, the objectof the invention being to provide a lock of this class of an exceeding simple construction and capable of being produced at a low cost, but which by reason of the many combinations of which it is capable will be exceedingly difficult to pick and therefore very safe.

With this object in view my invention consists in the improved construction, arrangement, and combination of parts hereinafter fully described and afterward specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention most nearly appertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, in which- Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a lock constructed in accordance with my invention with the face removed to expose the interior mechanism. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same on the plane indicated by the broken line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is adetail sectional view on the planeindicated by the broken line 3 3 of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional View through the tube and partly through the disks on the plane indicated by the broken line 4. 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional View on the plane indicated by the broken line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a view in side elevation of the disk-holding tube. to 13 are face views of the permutation-disks. Fig. 14 is a face view of one of the separatordisks. Fig. 15 is a face view of the disk by means of which the bolt is shot by the key. Fig. 16 is a face view of the disk to be fixed to the knob by means of which the bolt is shot by the knob. Fig. 17 is a view of a key suitable for my improved lock.

Like numerals of reference mark the same parts wherever they occur in the various figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings by numerals, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 indicate metal disks, preferably of steel, stamped out in the form shown, each being formed with a slot having a straight portion 11 radially located, the slots of the several disks registering when the disks are placed side by side or stacked, and a semicircular portion 12, concentric with the center of the disk, but joining the straight portion at a different distance from the center in each disk. Each of the disks 1 to 7 is also provided with a notch 13 in its periphery and an ear or tooth l4 projecting therefrom, the notches and teeth of the several disks registering when the disks are placed side by side or stacked.

8 indicates a metal disk stamped out and having a radial straight slot 14 and a shoulder 15, the slots being in position to register with the straight slots of the disks 1 to 7 when disk 8 is stacked therewith.

9 indicates ,a metal disk stamped out and provided with a peripheral notch 16, a quarter-circle concentric curved slot 17, and a radially-projecting arm 18.

10 indicates a disk stamped out and provided with a radial arm 19.

11 indicates a metal tube having its front end turned inward, forming a ring-flange 20, a hollow longitudinal rib 21 on one side, and an outwardly-extending flange 22 at the inner or rear end, cut away from 23 to 24 and having its body cut away between the same points, leaving a recess 25 of a width from front to rear equal to the thickness of the two disks 9 and 10, the tube being also pr gyjded with an interior longitudinal g noove' 26.

27 indicates theb'aise of the lock, and 27 a the cover-plate, both being provided with screw-holes 28 to receive the screws to secure the lock to the door and screw-holes 29 to receive screws to secure the cover-plate to the 5 lock. The case is provided with guide-blocks 30, between which a frame 31 is slidably mounted, said frame being centrally recessed and provided with a lug 32 to thicken it, so that it will fit snugly between the rear of the ICC case and the cover-plate. The bolt 33, also of a thickness to fit snugly between the rear of the case and the cover-plate, is secured to the frame 31 and projects through the edge of the case in the usual manner.

Springs 34:, secured at one end to the frame 31 and at the other to the casing, serve to normally hold the bolt shot or in its locked position.

In assembling the parts of the lock two disks 8 are slipped into the rear open end of tube 11, with their points 35 in line with the slot of the tube and dropped to the front end thereof, in which position their shoulders 15 will be opposite one wall of the space inside of hollow rib 21 and the eccentric portions 37 opposite said space, a bar 38 fitting in said space and being forced normally inward in contact with said eccentric portions 37 of the disks 8 by springs 39.

The disks 1 to 7 in practice will be numbered or lettered, preferably numbered from 1 up, according to the number used in the lock, which may be varied. Any suitable combination may be set up, according to the key to be used, and, supposing that the seven disks illustrated are to be used in the regular order, disk 1 will now be slipped into the tube 11, itsnotch 13 fitting on bar 38 and its tooth 14 sliding in longitudinal groove 26. Another disk 8 is now slipped in the same relative position as those already in place, and then disk 2 is placed in the same manner as disk No. 1, as before described. The same order is continued, a disk 8 alternating between the disks 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, after which disk 9 is placed in position, its notch 16 fitting over bar 38 and its radial arm 18 projecting through recess 25. The disk 1.0 is finally slipped in the tube, with its arm 19 projecting through recess 25 and the knob 40 secured thereto, this last disk resting against the end of bar 38, and the tube is secured in place by means of screws 41, passing through its flange 22 into the lock-case 27.

Inasmuch as the disk 10 is free to turn the bolt may be withdrawn from the inside of the door by simply turning the knob, which will carry disk 10 with it, causing its arm 19 to push the frame 31 back, carrying the bolt with it and unlocking the door. From the outside, however, a key prepared according to the combination must be used. Assembled as described, the straight radial slots of disks 1 to 7 and of the disks 8 will all register and any flat key may be introduced; but inasmuch as the disks 1 to 7 are locked against turning and their curved concentric slots are so arranged as to form a zigzag opening through the stack of disks the key, in order to turn in this opening, must be notched on both sides, as illustrated at 42 in the key 43, Fig. 17, in such a manner that the narrow necks 44 between opposite notches 42 will register with the curved slots 12 at their points of junction with the straight slots 11 of the disks 1 to 7. The key must also have a point 45 properly placed to enter the quarter-circle concentric slot 17 in disk 9. The key may now be turned in disks 1 to 7, and inasmuch as disks 8 have no concentric slots they will turn with the key, and their eccentric portions 3'7, sliding over the face of bar 38, will press it into the hollow rib and out of the notch 16 of disk 9, leaving that diskfree to turn. During the time that bar 38 is being pressed out of notch 16 the point 45 of the key will have traversed the quarter-circle slot 17 of disk 9, and the further turning of the key will turn the disk 9 and cause its arm 18 to push back the frame 31, withdraw the bolt, and lock the door. The springs 34 in again shooting the bolt -will press frame 31 against arm 18 and turn disk 9 backward, carrying the key with it for a quarter of a circle, after which the key may be turned back another quartercircle, bringing disks 8 and 9 into position to repeat the operation of unlocking and the key to a position from which it may be withdrawn.

From the foregoing description it will be readily apparent that I have provided a safe and secure lock of parts which can be cheaply made and that the construction, as described,

will permit of a very large number of combinations without the necessity of changing the construction of the disks, seven disks being capable of five thousand and forty combinations of seven figures each.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a permutation-lock, the combination with a tube, of a series of disks stacked or piled, each disk provided with a slot consisting of astraight radial portion, and a concentric curved portion leading therefrom, the curved portions being at different distances from the center in the several disks, and means for locking the disks against turning in the tube, substantially as described.

2. In a permutation-lock, the combination with a tube, of a series of piled or stacked disks, each provided with a slot consisting of a straight radial portion, and a concentric curved portion leading therefrom, the curved portions being at different distances from the center of the several disks, means for locking the disks in the tube, and freely-rotatable disks alternating with the locked disks and provided with radial slots adapted to register with the radial portions of the slots of the locked disks, substantially as described.

3. In a permutation-lock, the combination with a tube, of a series of piled or stacked disks, each provided with a slot consisting of a straight radial portion, and a concentric curved portion leading therefrom, the curved portions being at different distances from the center in the several disks, means for locking the disks in the tube, rotatable disks alternating with the locked disks, and provided with radial slots, and a disk provided With a concentric slot and a radially-projecting arm, substantially as described.

4:. The combination in a permutation-lock,

of a tube, a series of slotted disks locked therein against turning, an alternating series of rotatable disks, a disk having a bolt-operating radial arm, and devices normally locking the bolt-operating disk but operated by 10 the rotation of the alternating disks to release the disk, substantially as described.

EDWARD AUGUSTUS SGHMERTZ. Witnesses:

EDMUND G. ELDRIDGE, LEILA O. NYE. 

